Free Essays on Affirmitive Action

Affirmative Action is absurd. If a white male, who was five feet tall, tried out for the Los Angeles Lakers, would the government have the right to tell the team’s owner that he had to sign the player, simply because traditionally there has been a higher percentage of blacks than whites in the game of basketball? Of course not, that would be totally wrong. Playing on a professional sports team is based on talent and merit, and thus it should be with every other profession. In fact, according to the NIF booklet on this topic, the majority of affirmative action policies do not target the lower-class minorities that actually need help breaking into the workforce. Instead, middle-class minorities and women, who have had relatively the same educational opportunities as white middle-class males, are given preference. While the government should make sure that discriminatory hiring practices are not used, it should not give an unfair advantage to equally qualified students or applica nts simply because of their race or gender. The only viable way to create a truly equitable society is to expand programs that give assistance to the economically disadvantaged. Though these measures, the lower-class, which has traditionally been composed of a large percentage of minorities, will be able to compete fairly with white males for educational and employment opportunities. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., said that people should be judged â€Å"not by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character†. This statement is true in every aspect of American society. Morally, discrimination is wrong whatever the color of a person’s skin. No matter what advocates of affirmative action say, it does discriminate against certain people. Usually those people are wealthy white males; however, lower-class white males are also discriminated against under the guise of affirmative action. People should only be judged for employment or educational opportun... Free Essays on Affirmitive Action Free Essays on Affirmitive Action Affirmative Action is absurd. If a white male, who was five feet tall, tried out for the Los Angeles Lakers, would the government have the right to tell the team’s owner that he had to sign the player, simply because traditionally there has been a higher percentage of blacks than whites in the game of basketball? Of course not, that would be totally wrong. Playing on a professional sports team is based on talent and merit, and thus it should be with every other profession. In fact, according to the NIF booklet on this topic, the majority of affirmative action policies do not target the lower-class minorities that actually need help breaking into the workforce. Instead, middle-class minorities and women, who have had relatively the same educational opportunities as white middle-class males, are given preference. While the government should make sure that discriminatory hiring practices are not used, it should not give an unfair advantage to equally qualified students or applica nts simply because of their race or gender. The only viable way to create a truly equitable society is to expand programs that give assistance to the economically disadvantaged. Though these measures, the lower-class, which has traditionally been composed of a large percentage of minorities, will be able to compete fairly with white males for educational and employment opportunities. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., said that people should be judged â€Å"not by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character†. This statement is true in every aspect of American society. Morally, discrimination is wrong whatever the color of a person’s skin. No matter what advocates of affirmative action say, it does discriminate against certain people. Usually those people are wealthy white males; however, lower-class white males are also discriminated against under the guise of affirmative action. People should only be judged for employment or educational opportun...

Definition of Precipitation Reaction

Definition of Precipitation Reaction A precipitation reaction is a  type of chemical reaction in which two soluble salts in aqueous solution combine and one of the products is an insoluble salt called a  precipitate. The precipitate may stay in the solution as a suspension, fall out of solution on its own, or can be separated from the liquid using centrifugation, decantation, or filtration. The liquid that remains when a precipitate forms is called the supernate. Whether or not a precipitation reaction will occur when two solutions are mixed may be predicted by consulting a solubility table  or the solubility rules. Alkali metal salts and those containing ammonium cations are soluble. Acetates, perchlorates, and nitrates are soluble. Chlorides, bromides, and iodides are soluble. Most other salts are insoluble, with exceptions (e.g., calcium, strontium, barium sulfides, sulfates, and hydroxides are soluble). Note that not all ionic compounds react to form precipitates. Also, a precipitate may form under certain conditions, but not others. For example, changes in temperature and pH can affect whether or not a precipitation reaction will occur. Generally, increasing temperature of a solution increases the solubility of the ionic compounds, improving the likelihood of precipitate formation. The concentration of the reactants is also an important factor. Precipitation reactions are usually single replacement reactions or double replacement reactions. In a double replacement reaction, both ionic reactants dissociate in water and their ions bonds with the respective cation or anion from the other reactant (switch partners). In order for a double replacement reaction to be a precipitation reaction, one of the resulting products must be insoluble in aqueous solution. In a single replacement reaction, an ionic compound dissociates and either its cation or anion bonds with another ion in solution to form an insoluble product. Uses of Precipitation Reactions Whether or not mixing two solutions produces a precipitate is a useful indicator of the identity of the ions in an unknown solution. Precipitation reactions are also useful when preparing and isolating a compound. Precipitation Reaction Examples The reaction between silver nitrate and potassium chloride is a precipitation reaction because solid silver chloride is formed as a product.AgNO3(aq) KCl(aq) → AgCl(s) KNO3(aq) The reaction may be recognized as a precipitation because two ionic aqueous solutions (aq) react to yield a solid product (s). Its common to write precipitation reactions in terms of the ions in the solution. This is called a complete ionic equation: Ag  (aq)   NO3−(aq)   K  (aq)   Cl−(aq)  Ã¢â€ â€™ AgCl  (s)   K  (aq)   NO3−(aq) Another way to write a precipitation reaction is as a net ionic equation. In the net ionic equation, the ions that dont participate in the precipitation are omitted. These ions are called spectator ions because they seem to sit back and watch the reaction without taking part  in it. In this example, the net ionic equation is: Ag(aq)   Cl−(aq)  Ã¢â€ â€™ AgCl  (s) Properties of Precipitates Precipitates are crystalline ionic solids. Depending on the species involved in the reaction, they may be colorless or colorful. Colored precipitates most often appear if they involve transition metals, including the rare earth elements.

Marketing strategies being implemented by Contiki Australia Case Study

Marketing strategies being implemented by Contiki Australia - Case Study Example Introduction Contiki Australia is a coach tour organization established in the year 1962. Major aim of the organization is to provide organised fun and adventurous tours targeted for the youth aged between 18 and 35. This part of the essay will determine the image of Contiki. Discussion The organization provides their target customers the value of an adventurous and organized trip enriched with tours, activities and flexible optional excursions. The image the organization portrays to its group of target customers is of an organization that provides young and energetic individual hassle free tours full of adventures and fun. The organization provides diversified services to its customers. Travel is known as high involvement activity. The company website of Contiki provides key information on its travel tips, tours, videos, FAQs, virtual community, newsletters and competitions. The organization reviewed several aspects in order to motivate and attract young travellers. Generation Y is considered as internet generation. Youth members of generation Y have a powerful sense of autonomy and independence. Therefore, the organization effectively implemented online marketing strategy in late 1970s to attract the young individuals. The company website is very popular with its specific niche market as they provide key information about several tour packages and services. The organization is popular among its target audiences. According to the young target audiences, the organization provides unforgettable travel experience. Contiki promises that the organization will help the customers to discover different cultures and meet with new individuals from all over the world. Effective value creation and lead management strategy helped the organization to fulfil the demand of target audiences. According to a survey, the travellers are motivated to experience different things from their home environment. The organization has successfully developed superior value for its target cu stomers. Rigorous understanding of motivation and needs helped the organization to attract young travellers in the highly competitive global marketplace. Major objective of the brand manager of Contiki is to build meaningful and strong bonds between the organizations and its target customers. The executives of the organization used to share several travel stories to captivate and inspire the target customers. These stories avail several common themes, such as fun, adventure and feel good factor. These stories are arbitrated from several travel videos that feature on several social networking sites and company website of Contiki. The organization incites their users to share the gravel experiences. According to the travellers, the organization provides customer oriented products and services to grab significant market share in this competitive global market place. Conclusion Contiki is one of the leading Australia based travel and tour organizations. The organization provides coach t our facilities to the young customers. The organization is very much popular due to several differentiated products and services. Contiki is a significant example of an organization that has developed superior value to the target customers. Question 2 Contiki tour is an Australia based organization that offers holiday and travel packages to several domestic and international customers. Introduction The organization effectively tried to create value for customers through several key marketing strategies and activities. It is true that the organizations need to develop unique strategies in order to sustain in the competitive global market place. This part of the essay will discuss about the marketing activities that have been practiced by Contiki to create value f

Retail Sales and Personal Income Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Retail Sales and Personal Income - Essay Example Personal income does not usually rise fast enough to absorb increases in interest rates. This is more likely to be an issue for people whose budgets are already stretched, since people with lower credit scores or worse ratios of income to expense are more likely to have to resort to variable rate loans in order to qualify for the credit they want, and these are the very loan payments which will rise with interest rates, forcing these consumers to make compensatory budget adjustments.  The U.S. retail sales forecast from the National Retail Federation for calendar 2006 is 4.7% (NRF Forecasts 4.7% Growth for 2006 Retail Sales, 2006), more bullish than the Bloomsberg survey forecast of 3.4% for the same period (Leading U.S. Indicators Index Points to Slower Growth, 2006). Both forecasts exclude automobile sales, which has contributed to much of the recent volatility of the consumer spending and retail sales figures on a quarterly basis. The NRF press release acknowledges that pressure s facing consumers include rising interest rates and diminishing sources of â€Å"spending power,† by which they mean that as the housing market cools, home equity will not be able to sustain as much spending as it did in the past.For 2005, the NRF forecast for retail sales was 5.6%, while the actual retail sales growth for 2005 was 6.1% (NRF Forecasts 4.7% Growth for 2006 Retail Sales, 2006).   Bloomberg’s consensus forecast for the second half of 2005 was 6.9% (U.S. Economy Expanded at a 4.1% Annual Pace in Third Quarter.

Becoming Gendered Essay Example for Free

Becoming Gendered Essay Davies argues that the sex role socialization theory does not adequately explain how we understand and become man and woman (p282). She concedes that the social structure with which man is entrenched; influence the conception of gender but the individual is as much a part of that process as the social environment. Davies says that man is an agent in his/her gendered identity, we choose to be masculine or feminine in the context of our social realities and that it is not tied to biology. In the movie Sabrina (1995), after being sent to Paris and transformed into a sophisticated woman of the world, David became enamored with her. David responded to her charms when she became feminine and did not notice her when she was boyish and ugly. Sabrina was masculine because she did not have a female figure to emulate, but within the same environment she was able to recognize the attraction she felt for the opposite sex and although it was depicted as a coming of age realization, socialization does not fully demonstrate the shift in gender roles (Rakow, 1986; 12). Davies was correct when she said that the individual is an active and engaged participant in becoming gendered (p284), Sabrina may have become feminine in her ways, but she was independent, headstrong and speaks her mind, all of which are masculine traits which she had imbibed while she was growing up. Davies (p289) suggested that we become gendered because it is what society expects, Sabrina has to be feminine because she was female and the world responds to that reality based on their conception of what is feminine and masculine. References Pollack, S. (Director). (1995, December 15). Sabrina, Constellation Entertainment. Davies, B. (2001). Becoming male or female. In S. Jackson S. Scott (Eds.), Gender (pp. 280-290). London: Routledge . Rakow, L. (1986) Rethinking Gender Research in Communication, Journal of Communication, Volume 36, No. 4, pp.11-26.

Plato :: essays research papers

Plato's works, perhaps the most consistently popular and influential philosophic writings ever published, consist of a series of dialogues in which the discussions between Socrates and others are presented with infinite charm. Most of our knowledge of Socrates is from these dialogues, and which views are Socrates' and which are Plato's is anybody's guess. (Plato cautiously never introduced himself into any of the dialogues.) Like Socrates, Plato was chiefly interested in moral philosophy and despised natural philosophy (that is, science) as an inferior and unworthy sort of knowledge. There is a famous story (probably apocryphal and told also of Euclid of a student asking Plato the application of the knowledge he was being taught. Plato at once ordered a slave to give the student a small coin that he might not think he had gained knowledge for nothing, then had him dismissed from school. To Plato, knowledge had no practical use, it existed for the abstract good of the soul. Plato was fond of mathematics because of its idealized abstractions and its separation from the merely material. Nowadays, of course, the purest mathematics manages to be applied, sooner or later, to practical matters of science. In Plato's day this was not so, and the mathematician could well consider himself as dealing only with the loftiest form of pure thought and as having nothing to do with the gross and imperfect everyday world. And so above the doorway to the Academy was written, "Let no one ignorant of mathematics enter here." Plato did, however, believe that mathematics in its ideal form could still be applied to the heavens. The heavenly bodies, he believed, exhibited perfect geometric form. This he expresses most clearly in a dialogue called Timaeus in which he presents his scheme of the universe. He describes the five (and only five) possible regular solids -- that is, those with equivalent faces and with all lines and angles, formed by those faces, equal. Plato :: essays research papers Plato's works, perhaps the most consistently popular and influential philosophic writings ever published, consist of a series of dialogues in which the discussions between Socrates and others are presented with infinite charm. Most of our knowledge of Socrates is from these dialogues, and which views are Socrates' and which are Plato's is anybody's guess. (Plato cautiously never introduced himself into any of the dialogues.) Like Socrates, Plato was chiefly interested in moral philosophy and despised natural philosophy (that is, science) as an inferior and unworthy sort of knowledge. There is a famous story (probably apocryphal and told also of Euclid of a student asking Plato the application of the knowledge he was being taught. Plato at once ordered a slave to give the student a small coin that he might not think he had gained knowledge for nothing, then had him dismissed from school. To Plato, knowledge had no practical use, it existed for the abstract good of the soul. Plato was fond of mathematics because of its idealized abstractions and its separation from the merely material. Nowadays, of course, the purest mathematics manages to be applied, sooner or later, to practical matters of science. In Plato's day this was not so, and the mathematician could well consider himself as dealing only with the loftiest form of pure thought and as having nothing to do with the gross and imperfect everyday world. And so above the doorway to the Academy was written, "Let no one ignorant of mathematics enter here." Plato did, however, believe that mathematics in its ideal form could still be applied to the heavens. The heavenly bodies, he believed, exhibited perfect geometric form. This he expresses most clearly in a dialogue called Timaeus in which he presents his scheme of the universe. He describes the five (and only five) possible regular solids -- that is, those with equivalent faces and with all lines and angles, formed by those faces, equal.

Income Security for Women Essay

The Employment Insurance (EI) is a leading insurance program that revamped the Unemployment Insurance (UI) program introduced in 1940. The EI reduces dependency on the state for income support. After being introduced in 1996, minor changes were done to the EI frequently. Earlier under UI, women’s jobs and unemployment risks were not covered or less covered. The EI focused mainly on women’s entitlement to increased maternity/parental benefits. The new Compassionate Care Benefit (CCB) benefits woman to provide end-of-life care to family members. Introduction of EI and Canadian Health and Social Transfer (CHST) are interpreted as a measure to consolidate a neo-liberal welfare state. It is a kind of market approach to social issues. Earlier, the liberal welfare state was built around the male bread winner model. During that time, adult women benefited only through male earners in the family. The adult worker model expected caretakers to work more to meet the care needs. Women suffered the consequences because of this approach and it resulted in falling birth rates and stress-related productivity problems. The EI addressed most of the issues concerning caretakers but then the 1996 EI reform hurt women more than men. Because, women were expected to meet the male norm to qualify for benefits and also the entrant/re-entrant (NERE) rules were tough on women. The motivation behind was to make people take any or all available work. Part-time workers and seasonal workers found it difficult to qualify for benefits. The self-employed – many women – were out of the system. The intention was to promote labor force attachment. Women workers in precarious jobs could not meet the NERE rules. Employees with irregular jobs could not meet the average insurable earnings based on the last twenty-six weeks of work. This rule was later relaxed in high-unemployment regions. Employees with dependants in the family qualified for family supplement (FM). Women were expected to work for a minimum of 35 hours a week (to meet 700 hours in 20 weeks) to qualify for maternity/parental benefits. Many women failed to qualify. The requirements were later decreased to 600 hours and the NERE rules were adjusted. The maximum parental benefits were received by 93% of women recipients though it is gender neutral. On the whole maternity/parental benefits are a positive measure liked by many. Compassionate Care Benefits (CCB) allows employees to take care of the gravely ill or dying child without putting their jobs or income at risk. 600 hours of insurable employment are needed to qualify for up to six weeks of compassionate Care Benefits. Here again, self-employed, part-time and non-standard work employees find it difficult to qualify. The state is more focused on resolving care giving issues. This created gender inequalities in insurance benefits. Though changes are done to fine tune regular benefits and to give impetus to special benefits, women are benefited only if they are mothers. Since labor force attachment is vital to access parental benefits, some women are restricted from access to benefits due to inequalities in work pattern such as part time employment. Suggestions according to the author on areas where EI can be improved: 1) Women’s income security needs to serve by better progress 2) Implicit use of a male work norm in setting EI parameters to be addressed. 3) Care related work has to be free from NERE eligibility rules. 4) Part time worker should be made available for benefits based on their hours of work. 5) Minimum devisor should be dropped. Benefit formula should use the best X number of weeks for a longer time frame. 6) Self employed workers should be considered for both regular and special benefits. 1) What did you learn from this piece? The Canadian government initiated Unemployment Insurance (UI) in 1940. This was gender biased and did not cover women’s jobs and their unemployment risks. As a result women suffered the consequences for long. A major reformation on UI came in the form of Employment Insurance (EI) Act in 1996. The EI was proposed to reduce the dependency of employees on the state for income. The gender biases and better access for women to the EI were addressed in the subsequent reforms of EI. Whenever there was a reformation of the EI, a particular group of employees were either not benefited or less benefited from the EI. For example, under UI, the EI maternity/parental benefits expected 700 hrs of work from an employee for 20 weeks. This criteria disqualified many women workers who worked less than 35 hours a week. Women who worked part time and women with children found it difficult to qualify. The new entrant/re-entrant (NERE) requirements were stringent for women who had already taken maternity leave. Later, in the reform process, the government reduced the 700 hours to 600 and readjusted NERE rules. At regular intervals the government improvised on EI and UI policies thereby consolidating the neo-liberal welfare state. The crux of the matter is that the women employees who benefit from the changes are largely mothers. There are many women in precarious jobs, self employed and live in high unemployment areas without access to the benefits of EI. The new programs of the state should try and bridge these gaps. 2) Is there anything in this writing that made you think differently? Explain. According to McKeen and Portar, the EI reforms are heading towards consolidating a neo-liberal welfare state. Well, this means that the state’s emphasis is on the primacy of market. It rewards ‘Good’ workers and punish ‘Bad’ workers. ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ alone do not determine the social well being. The prime concern is ‘Will the state insulate its economy from the globalization process? Will it prevent people facing higher levels of unemployment and job insecurity? ’ If yes, the next step is to bring more EI reforms by securing women’s employment without getting mired in the globalization process. Yielding to the international competitiveness of the market will have repercussions on the society. 3) What is the most significant contribution of this writing? The author Martha MacDonald has clearly pictured how women employees were caught unawares in the midst of the Unemployment Insurance (UI) that was built on the male bread winner model. The consequences led to falling birth rates and stress related productivity problems. Even the 1996 reforms of regular UI benefits hurt women more than men. Women had difficulty qualifying for new entrants/re-entrant (NERE) rules. The end of the 20th century has seen some good results in EI reforms by allowing women to have better access to EI benefits, however, the women who benefited are mothers than those in precarious jobs, self employed, part-time or seasonal workers and residing in high unemployment areas. 4) What is your ‘critique’ of this piece? â€Å"Procrastination is the thief of time† – Edward King The state waited all these years hesitating to bring quick reforms to allow women to have better access to EI benefits. As the author rightly says â€Å"The result was that the states broader social and economic feedback effects are now being manifested in falling birth rates and productivity problems. † Besides explaining women’s poor access to EI, the author explains the gradual developments in the EI chronologically with reference citations to reputed authors. As a scholarly piece of writing, â€Å"Income Security for Women: What about Employment Insurance? † has all the influence to promote her suggestions on how women’s income security could be better served through new programs. This short piece is a wealth of information for anyone who wants to know the real scenario on Employment Insurance with regard to women employers and their income security. In other words, it is a pool of data, a healthy interpretation of EI developments, a logical conclusion through scholarly effort and fruitful ideas for a prospective EI reforms. 5) Questions for class discussions: i) Do you think the neo-liberal welfare state and the EI reforms can go hand in hand benefiting each other? Explain. ii) What will be your stance on the latest EI reforms? iii) Imagine that you have talents and resources to get self employed. Will you hesitate to become self employed because of the poor access to EI benefits? iv) Is there any woman in your family who faced difficulties due to poor access to UI? Share your experience.

Bilingual Education Essay

Fluency is a very important factor in many fields of work such as in schools, public and private sectors. It is requirement in the application of proper communication methods. This means, it is applied both in oral and written communications methods. Fluency refers to both reading and language. The two are often confused with one another. Reading fluency is the ability to read the texts with greater accuracy and at a high speed, while the proficiency in a language which is often foreign one is referred to as language fluency. (Cummins, 1989) In this particular essay, I am tackling the reading fluency which can be defined as the ability to read with speed, accuracy and proper expression. Fluency is not an easy task and most children and students in higher class who have not learnt to read with fluency finds it very difficult in their learning. This is because, lack of fluency hinder the understanding and meaning of sentences in a text. This leads to poor understanding of the whole text at the end of their reading. Fluent reading makes the readers to utilize less energy in their reading. This enables them to have proper expression of the meanings in the texts. Whether a child is reading aloud or in silent mood, he/ she reads in phrases and adds intonation which are appropriate. Thus there reading becomes smooth and full of expressions. (Cummins, 1989) Contrary to fluent readers, non- fluent reader make their reading to sound choppy and awkward. In addition, they make a lot of mistakes by either omitting some of the words. This makes many sentences to lack meaning, and in general sense the whole to text remains to be a mess to them. Their decoding skills are hindered and hence they read laboriously. In order to achieve fluency, three or more components must be incorporated in reading. If the three components are put in practices, then fluency is achieved without any objections. First and foremost is the component of accuracy. This is also known as automaticity. However, there is a slight difference between the two terms. Automaticity applies to the fast, effortless word recognition that comes with a great deal of reading practice. It refers to the child’s or any other person’s ability to read words in a text without missing its pronunciations. Some of the children find it very difficult to read because they cannot make the pronunciations of some words. This is made as difficult as the child is weak in combining syllables of a word. So, lack of phonemic awareness act as a barriers to fluency. This necessitates the child to be having a familiarity of word pronunciation. He can do so by reading some of the text especially the poetic kind of writing or songs. The third component is prosody. This one of the most ignored factor which most student lacks. They do not practise nor do they want to learn more about it. It is much concerned with the inclusion of stress, intonation and pauses. This can be referred to as reading feelings. They give good impression to the reader as well as to the audience. Reading without this component makes it very hard for the audience to depict the mood of the message being passed over through the text. (Cummins, 1989) It is therefore very necessary to have fluency in reading. This is developed gradually over time through practice. It first involves students reading in slow phase which is a bit laboured work. When students become fluent readers, they bridge word recognition and comprehension. Fluency therefore acts as bridge between the two. This means that fluency on its own does not ensure comprehension. However, it enhances the comprehension. Comprehension is very hard to achieve without fluency. The moment the non-fluent readers stop to decode and figure out unknown words, it is most likely the meaning of the already read parts get disrupted and the process of learning become laborious. When students are acquitted with fluency, they attain a better position in their study work. They pull together all their efforts and concentrate them on analyzing, interpreting and drawing of conclusions from the texts they are reading. Further more, fluency eliminates the concentrations on decoding the words thus the students keep on focusing their attention on what the text means. They are able to make the connections mange the ideas in the text and their background knowledge. Thus the fluent readers recognize the words and comprehend at the same time. This saves time of reading and interpretation giving student free time for leisure and other activities. Considering the fact that reading volumes increase with the transition from lower classes to the upper higher levels of education, it is very crucial for the teachers to help the students at the very beginning of schooling to gain fluency in their reading. Teachers are thus a major determinant for child’s fluency reading. Teachers are the first people who can recognize the problems of reading disorders with the children. They therefore need to take immediate action in order to improve the reading fluency of the child. Teachers can therefore do several things. This includes reading a text loudly while the child listens to him. He may also device other methods such as presenting loud tape messages to students. These two ways may help the child to listen to the words as they are pronounced, the prosody component is well heard and the other expressions are still well presented in this. The teacher must give much of the practice work to the student through having song and reciting poetic writing with the child. (Cummins, 1989) Reference: Cummins, J. (1989): Empowering minority students: California Association for Bilingual Education.

Great Gatsby4 essays

Great Gatsby4 essays Defined by a book of current literary terms, a climax is "the arrangement of a series of ideas or expressions in ascending order of importance or emphasis; the last term of the arrangement; a culmination." Written by F. Scott Fitzgerald during the roaring 20's, The Great Gatsby provides a look into the upper class circle of the East and West Villages of New York City. Known as East and West Egg in the novel, Fitzgerald, through the eyes of bachelor, portrays a cynical view of the high social society and the morality which it lacks. This scarcity of ethics ultimately causes the downfall of their hollow world in a clatter of broken hearts and mislead minds. The climax of The Great Gatsby takes place in a New York Hotel suite when, after many hints toward the reason for Gatsby's company, the true nature of his presence is revealed to Tom Buchanan. Ever since Jay Gatsby returned from World War I, which swept him away from his boyhood love Daisy, he has made every indirect effort to make contact and rekindle her love for him. Even with the knowledge that she is married and leads a separate life from his, Gatsby, without regrets, lives his life for her. When, at long last, he has the chance to interact with Daisy, he capitalizes on it immediately. With the assistance of Jordan Baker and his neighbor Nick Carraway (Daisy's second cousin), Gatsby arranges a meeting with Daisy. At this meeting the two hearts are reunited and again would be one, if not for the plate glass barrier of Daisy's marriage to Tom Buchanan which separates them. Originally held apart by a young boys' ineptitude to provide for a wealthy girl, Daisy is now held back by a seemingly insincere knot of matrimony. This keeps the all important bonds of love to be formed between the two former lovers. Tom, a wealthy man with family history, is enlightened to the existence of this perennial relationship in a slow weave of events which...

35 Common Prefixes in English

35 Common Prefixes in English If you were a prefix, you could change the same word in different ways.You could make a cycle a unicycle, a bicycle, or a tricycle.(Marcie Aboff and Sara Gray,  If You Were a Prefix. Picture Window Books, 2008) A prefix is a letter or a group of letters attached to the beginning of a word  (or word root) that partly indicates its meaning. For example, the word prefix itself begins with the prefix pre-, which generally means before or in front of. (By contrast, a letter or group of letters attaching to the end of a word is called a suffix.)   Many of todays English words contain prefixes from Greek or Latin. Understanding the meanings of the most common prefixes can help us deduce the definition of new words that we run across in our reading, especially knowing that they can make a word mean its opposite, such as the difference between possible and impossible.Still, we do need to be careful.  The same prefix may be ​spelled in more than one way (pre- and pro-, for instance), and some prefixes (such as in-) have more than one meaning (in this case, not or without versus in or into). Even so, being able to recognize prefixes can help us build our vocabularies.   To Hyphenate or Not? Rules vary as to when a word should have a hyphen separating it from  its prefix. Go by the dictionary if you are unsure. If you are writing a paper for a class and a particular style guide is used, such as MLA, the Chicago Manual of Style, or APA, the stylebook may have a hyphenation guide or a preferred dictionary to follow for which words to hyphenate and which to close up. If a prefix is attached to a proper noun, you generally hyphenate, such as pre-World War II or anti-American.   The following table  defines and illustrates 35 common prefixes.   Common Prefixes Prefix Meaning Examples a-, an- without, lack of, not amoral, acellular, abyss, achromatic, anhydrous ante- before, earlier, in front of antecedent, antedate, antemeridian, anterior anti- against, opposite of anticlimax. antiaircraft, antiseptic, antibody auto- self, same autopilot, autobiography, automobile, autofocus circum- around, about circumvent, circumnavigate, circumscribe co- with, together co-pilot, co-worker, co-exist, co-author com-, con- together, with companion, commingle, contact, concentrate contra-, contro- against, opposite contradict, contrast, contrary, controversy de- down, off, away from devalue, deactivate, debug, degrade, deduce dis- not, apart, away disappear, disagreeable, disbar, dissect en- put into, cover with enclose, entangle, enslave, encase ex- out of, from, former extract, exhale, excavate, ex-president extra- beyond, outside, more than extracurricular, extramarital, extravagant hetero- different, other heterosexual, heterodox, heterogeneous homo-, homeo- same, alike homonym, homophone, homeostasis, homosexual hyper- over, more, beyond hyperactive, hypersensitive, hypercritical il-, im-, in-, ir- not, without illegal, immoral, inconsiderate, irresponsible in- in, into insert, inspection, infiltrate inter- between, among intersect, interstellar, intervene, interpenetrate intra-, intro- within, inside intravenous, intragalactic, introvert macro- large, prominent macroeconomics, macrostructure, macrocosm micro- very small microscope, microcosm, microbe mono- one, single, alone monocle, monologue, monogamy, monotony non- not, without nonentity, nonaggressive, nonessential, nonfiction omni- all, every omniscient, omnivorous, omniscient, omnidirectional post- after, behind postmortem, posterior, postscript, postoperative pre-, pro- before, forward precede, predict, project, prologue sub- under, lower submarine, subsidiary, substandard sym-, syn- same time, together symmetry, symposium, synchronize, synapse tele- from or over a distance telecommunications, telemedicine, television, telephone trans- across, beyond, through transmit, transaction, translation, transfer tri- three, every third tricycle, trimester, triangle, triathlon un- not, lacking, opposite of unfinished, unskilled, ungraceful, unfriendly uni- one, single unicorn, unicellular, unicycle, unilateral up- to the top or north, higher/better upbeat, updo, upgrade, upload, uphill, upstage, upscale, up-tempo

Assessments for the English Language Learner Research Paper

Assessments for the English Language Learner - Research Paper Example â€Å"The present culture of testing has placed an increased amount of emphasis on the development of state standards, high-stakes testing, and the use of rigid curricular programs† (Brantley, 2007, p. 28). Therefore, an educational assessment is mandatory in today’s highly competitive world. There are three types of assessments; formal, alternative and informal. The purpose of implementing a classroom assessment system is to improve instruction and student achievement. The English language learners are rapidly growing in the population of the U.S classroom. As such, considerate amount of thoughts and training need to be implemented when designing and administering educational assessments. There are many factors that need to be kept in mind while selecting educational assessments for students. Language barriers and educational background factors are the main factors. In the first factors, language barrier factors, different issue like different linguistics background, L evels of proficiency in English, and levels of proficiency of native languages are the three main barriers that should be addressed in the assessment. In the educational background factors issues such as degrees of formal schooling in native languages, degrees of formal schoolings in English language, and exposure to standardized testing should be addressed in the assessment. While administering an educational assessment, it crucial for the classroom teacher to provide the English Language Learning students with fair and appropriate assessments while keeping in mind the various factors that could hamper their academic growth. It is pivotal for the teachers to be knowledgeable about the different assessment types as to provide adequate and fair assess of their students’ progress as well as achievements in the class. As mentioned before, there are three types of assessments; formal, alternative and informal. The formal assessment is mainly based in the results of the standardiz ed tests and other formal exams regulated under the test- taking guidelines. In Formal assessment students are assessed on the basis of their written document, test, quiz or essays. The student’s progress is determined based on the data collected on the student’s performance on the tests. Formal Tests are usually used to assess the overall achievement of the student and compare his/ her intelligence with other students as well as to find a student’s strength or weaknesses in a particular topic. The formal assessment test has its own purposes, advantages and disadvantages. Formal assessment is a good assessment to be implemented to the student to determine their strength and weaknesses. It also evaluates the student’s achievement by comparing their progress with other students. It is appropriate to use the formal assessment to indentify the student’s special needs and it can also improve learning at an individual level for young English language lea rners. Formal assessments are categorized into separate groups such as norm referenced tests and criterion referenced tests. The Norm references tests are characterized by strict rules and implementations. These types of tests are mainly used to compare one student to another, one group of students to another group as well as schools. When implementing a norm reference test teachers should implement the test under specific and similar circumstances.

European Union Law Degree Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

European Union Law Degree - Case Study Example In this case the defendant must not be a state entity. The requirements of Directives can be applied horizontally between two private parties1. The UK instrument requires commercial providers of fossil based fuels to limit their quantity to 50% of their total output. On the other hand, the Directive limits this to just 40%. This In addition, this statute permits the use of candles and other fossil based fuels, without any restriction; whereas the Directive clearly specifies that these fuels are to be used, only for religious and cultural ceremonial rituals. In the event of failure by a Member State, in this regard, the EU will approach the ECJ to initiate necessary action against the Member State. National governmental entities, private or public utility organisations and firms must invariably apply EC law provisions at the national level. Since, the context, purpose and content of the Directive have been comprehended, the extent to which the UK Government had implemented its provisions, has to be examined. All the same, this Directive is significant, because it recommends the least intrusive method for achieving its objective. It is rendered effective, if its purpose, namely the use of renewable energy is achieved. This Directive aims to deter dependence on carbon based fuels. Article 249 of the Treaty, specifies that Direc... Member States are obliged to pay compensation to individuals if the latter incur loss due to the non - implementation of Directives. In the case of Francovich and Others v Italy, the ECJ held that in order to make a Member State liable for such damages, three conditions have to be fulfilled3. First, the Directive must be intended to provide rights to individuals. Second, it must contain the description and scope of the rights that it intends to provide. Third, the Member State must have failed to implement the Directive and such failure must have caused the damage to the individual4. Individuals can insist on the enforcement of a Directive. This applies even though the Directive has a horizontal direct effect limitation, which hinders its enforcement. In Francovich, the ECJ had established this principle. It also held that Member States will have to pay compensation for damages or losses to individuals under the concept of state liability, if they failed to implement a Directive5. The ECJ had further extended the scope of this decision in the subsequent joint cases of Brasserie de P'cheur6 and R v Secretary of State for Transport, ex parte Factortame (No. 4)7. The ECJ held that individuals who sustained loss could demand compensation from the Member State if it failed to implement the EC Law. This also applies if the Member States had violated the provisions of EC Law. If an individual sustained a loss or damage due to the incorrect or non - implementation of EC law provisions by a Member State, then that individual can sue against the state in the national court and seek compensation for such damage. Moreover, individuals can invoke the